Florida Wastewater Practice Test

What does the presence of nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus in excess lead to in aquatic systems?

1. Increased fish diversity

2. Enhanced water filtration

3. Promotion of harmful algal blooms

4. Improved aquatic plant growth

The correct answer is: Promotion of harmful algal blooms

The presence of nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in excessive amounts in aquatic systems leads to the promotion of harmful algal blooms. These nutrients act as fertilizers for algae, allowing them to grow rapidly and in large quantities. When conditions are right, this overgrowth can result in harmful algal blooms, which can produce toxins that are detrimental to aquatic life, affect drinking water quality, and pose health risks to humans and animals. This process often depletes oxygen levels in the water, leading to hypoxia or dead zones where most aquatic life cannot survive. As a result, while the initial increase in nutrients might seem beneficial, it ultimately disrupts the balance of the ecosystem and can cause significant harm.